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for searching only. SHAKSPERE'S TRAINING IN MORAL PHILOSOPHY 581
cording to this scheme. The reader will see that Baldwin is winnowing into English the classes of materials which Erasmus had gathered in Latin and had shown how to use systematically in grammar school. Grammar school boys were supposed to gather moral philosophy of the same categories, and from the same sources, in Latin. Consequently, they were subjected to a series of sentential collections in Latin, and were besides supposed from all their readings to make collections of their own.
We need not repeat here all these moral devices. Instead, we may notice the more systematic teaching in what was labelled as moral philosophy. The ethical or moral training of upper grammar school, as distinguished from the specifically religious, centered upon Cicero. In the typical sixteenth-century editions in octavo, Cicero's works of moral philosophy occupied the last volume. This volume naturally had the attention of the reformers on the continent, and the form built up by them was in the latter part of the century frequently reprinted in England. The earliest English-printed edition of this collection known to me is an unrecorded one of 1574, which I possess. It is entitled, De Officiis M. T. Ciceronis Libri Tres.* Item, De zImicitia: De Senectute: Paradoxa: & de Somnio Scipionis. Cum D. Erasmi Roterodami, Philippi Melancthonis, ac Bartholomaei Latomi Annotationes (sic). Omnia denuo, varijs ac optimis quibusque collatis exemplaribus, diligentissimI castigata. Apud loannem Kyngstonem, M. D. LXXIIII. The annotations of Erasmus, Melanchthon, and Latomus form an introductory prefix, as is true of certain continental forms of this collection. The collection proper begins with a second title page as page i, De Officiis M. T. Ciceronis Libri Tres.* Item, De rdmicitia: De Senectute: Paradoza (sic): fg De Somnio Scipionis.
Doctissimorum virorum annotationes, quibus in his loci obscuriores explicantur. Ad haec fiber de Senectute, &3 de Somnio Scipionis, a~ Theodora Gaza in Graecam linguam eonuersus. Omnia, varijs, atque optimis, quibusque collatis exemplaribus, diligentissime castigata.
Excudebat loanes Kyngstonvs. M. D. LXXIIII. Though this second title page promises the translation of De Senectutes and De Somnio Scipionis into Greek by Theodore Gaza, which had been included in some early continental forms of this collection, yet that Greek translation is not included in the English-printed collection. This particular copy of 1 574 bears the honorable scars of battle
a Hayne before 1611 had translated the Greek of Gaza as well as Cicero's Latin for the boys at Merchant Taylors'. See Vol. I, p. 400.
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