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for searching only. ELIZABETHAN GRAMMAR SCHOOL 439
est qua impellimur cum diligenti ratione, vt aliquorum similes in dicendo velimus esse. Exercitatio, est assiduus vsus, consuetud6que dicendi.7
!4d Herennium divides into three; art, imitation, exercise. To take Kempe's version, the purely pedagogical second step of finding examples of the rules taught by art has been inserted between art and imitation, and the whole has been somewhat reoriented in application.
Kempe next takes up the conventional curriculum systematically, explaining in detail how the four steps were applied from the horn-book through the highest form. Now it will be remembered that Ascham also had based his system on this same fundamental pedagogic principle of imitation.
Imitation, is a facultie to expresse liuelie and perfitelie that example: which ye go about to folow . . . all languages, both learned and mother tonges, be gotten, and gotten onelie by Imitations
Ascham then defines and explains in some detail the methods and rims of Imitation, replying in this fashion to critics.
hey will say, it were a plaine slauerie, & iniurie to, to shakkle and tye a -ood witte, and hinder the course of a mas good nature with such bondes of seruitude, in folowyng other.
Except soch men thinke them selues wiser then Cicero for teaching of eloquence, they must be content to turne a new leafe.'
Ascham then explains how Tully had used and recommended Imitation. Quintilian coldly accepts "the matter," but writes "hotelie and spitefullie enough, agaynst the Imitation of Tullie."10 Erasmus "writeth rightlie, rightlie vnderstanded," as also does Longolius fundamentally. Budaeus was "caryed somwhat out of the way in ouermuch misliking the Imitation of Tullie." Melanchthon writes "learnedlie and trewlie"; Camerarius confusedly; Sambucus "with a right iudgement." Cortesius writes "verie well"; Bembus "a great deale better"; but Sturmius in works of 1538 and 1549 "farre best of all, in myne opinion, that euer tooke this matter in hand." For Sturm has declared "who is to be followed, what is to be followed, and the best point of all, by what way & order trew Imitatib is rightlie to be exercised." But even Sturm has not given sufficient examples, a volume of which is now the sole remaining need. Riccius also writes
Ad Herennium (Lambinus, D., Ciceronis Opera Omnia (i$73) , Vol. I, p. 2). a Ascham, Scholema.rter (1570), PP. 45v-46r.
Ascham, SC4alemaster (1570), pp. 481-48v. '¬ Ascham, Scholemaster (r57o), p. 49v.
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