OCRed data provided
for searching only. 350 SMALL LATINE AND LESSE GREEKE
of Cicero, reading De Senectute and De A'micitia, and in the final years De Officiis and Tusculan Questions. In Greek, they read Cebes, some oration of Isocrates, and Euripides. Other instructions imply that they would have begun upon the New Testament in Greek. Weekly they continue to write epistles and verses, doing a great deal of varying. They also learn figures and the use of epithets, Textor being the guide for the latter. Finally, they take up formal rhetoric, with 11d Herennium as guide, and declaim on questions after the models of Aphthonius, Quintilian, and Seneca 4I Orations of Cicero are studied rhetorically to serve for illustrations. Sallust and Virgil are also studied at this stage. This is regular grammar school practice, with peculiarities of the Winchester system.
So are the further suggestions on exercises regular.
Both the Master and the Usher must see diligently that all and every one of their Scholars, as their wits will serve, do exercise themselves daily in speaking Latin, and in making some wise sentences in Latin for the younger sort, or other divers matters, that shall be given them weekly; and the elder sort must be exercised in devising and writing sundry epistles to sun-dry persons, of sundry matters, as of chiding, exhorting, comforting, counselling, praying, lamenting, some to friends; some to foes, some to strangers; of weighty matters, or merry, as shooting, hunting, &c. of adversity, or prosperity, of war, and peace, divine and profane, of all sciences and occupations, some long and some short; or else in making verses, orations, and declamations, and noting the parts of them, in such things as they do read according to the rules of Rhetoric; in turning also verse into prose, and contrary wise; out of English or Greek into Latin, or from Latin or Greek into English; out of Orators into Poets, and Poets into Orators; in rehearsing to their Master that which bath been read unto them in other good pure Latin words to the same purpose and meaning; in noting the phrase Capia Synonima, Contraries,42 the grammatical or rhetorical figures in words and sentences. The younger sort must be exercised in repeating their rules often, and the elder sort in teaching their inferiors; committing many things to memory, and writing them in their paper books, that so both the memory may be confirmed, and they may yearly see how they have profited, and then correct those things which were rudely and imperfectly run over in the beginning; for time and labour must perfect all imperfections. And these things shall better appear how profitable rather in exercising of them by practice, than declaring them by words.
In the forenoon the Master and Usher shall read to their Scholars such lectures as be appointed for them, declaring unto them the nature of the words, the hardness of the sentences, with the phrase and figures. And in the afternoon they shall examine the same things again, to see who hath
41 Seneca the Father, not the author of the tragedies. Ascham, Scholemaster (i 57o), Is. 3v.
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